Basic Faults of Generators
1. Common Faults Occurring During Generator Operation
The following are some common faults that occur during the normal operation of a generator:
(1) Interphase Short Circuit of Stator Winding.
If an interphase short circuit occurs in the stator winding of a generator and is not promptly removed, it will burn out the entire generator set and cause extremely serious consequences. Therefore, there must be two or more sets of rapid protection to respond to such faults.
(2) Interphase Short Circuit of Stator Winding.
If an interphase short circuit occurs in the stator winding of a generator, a large current will be generated within the short-circuit loop. There have been reports worldwide of such cases where interphase short circuits burned or even destroyed the generator set. Therefore, when an interphase short circuit occurs in the stator winding, the generator should be disconnected quickly.
With the increasingly mature design technology of generators, the number of windings in the same slot is decreasing, and the possibility of interphase short circuits is also greatly reduced.
(3) Single Phase Grounding of Stator.
Single phase grounding of the stator is not a short-circuit fault, but due to the following reasons, it requires sensitive and reliable responses to single phase grounding faults:
⑴ The neutral point of many 600MW units is grounded through a high resistance.
⑵ Capacitive current will burn the core at the fault point.
⑶ The vast majority of short circuits are first caused by not promptly handling single phase grounding and then develop into.
⑷ The voltage of the non-grounded phase rises during grounding, affecting insulation.
(4) Loss of Magnetism.
Due to faults in the excitation equipment or short circuits in the excitation winding, loss of magnetism (total or partial loss of magnetism) occurs, causing the generator to enter asynchronous operation, which has a significant impact on the safety operation of the system and the generator itself.
Large generator sets require timely and accurate monitoring of loss of magnetism faults.
(5) Single Point or Two Points Grounding of Rotor.
Single point grounding of the rotor has little impact on turbine generator sets. Generally, it is allowed to continue running for a period of time. (Note: In the case of a single point grounding in a hydroelectric generator set, it will cause vibration of the unit, so it is required to cut off the generator set to ensure the safe operation of the unit).
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Post time: Apr-08-2026